Analysis of the influence of production process on the final performance of non-woven fabric fibers

In the field of textile materials, nonwoven fibers, are favored because of their flexible production process, low cost and wide application. The performance characteristics of nonwoven fibers depend not only on the selection of raw materials, but also on their unique production process, especially the bonding method between fibers, which plays a decisive role in the final performance of nonwoven fibers. This article will explore in depth how the production process affects the key properties of nonwoven fibers such as strength, wear resistance, air permeability and feel through different fiber bonding methods, in order to provide theoretical reference for the production and application of nonwoven fibers.

1. Overview of nonwoven fiber production process
The production process of nonwoven fibers is a process of converting fiber raw materials into cloth through processes such as opening, mixing, carding into a net, and reinforcement. Among them, the bonding between fibers is the key step in the formation of nonwoven fibers, which is directly related to the physical properties and application fields of the product. Common bonding methods mainly include hot rolling reinforcement, needle punching reinforcement and hydroentanglement reinforcement, each of which has its unique process characteristics and applicable scenarios.

2. Hot rolling reinforcement: a trade-off between strength and air permeability
Hot rolling reinforcement is a technology that melts the fiber surface and bonds it to each other by heating. In this process, the fusion points between the fibers form a stable structure, which significantly improves the strength and dimensional stability of the nonwoven fiber. However, due to the existence of fusion points, the air permeability and softness of the nonwoven fiber may be affected, making this type of nonwoven fiber more suitable for occasions that require high strength and good dimensional retention, such as building waterproof materials, geotextiles, etc. In addition, hot rolling reinforcement may also limit the application of nonwoven fibers in some high-end sanitary products, because these products often require higher air permeability and skin-friendliness.

3. Needle punch reinforcement: a model of flexible bonding
Needle punch reinforcement is a physical bonding method that uses the needle hook on the high-speed rotating needle punching machine to repeatedly puncture the fiber web, causing entanglement and friction between the fibers to form a relatively flexible bonding structure. This method retains the original flexibility and air permeability of the fiber, so that the nonwoven fiber has a certain strength and wear resistance while maintaining a good feel. Needle-punched reinforced nonwoven fibers are widely used in filter materials, automotive interiors, medical and sanitary products and other fields. Their excellent breathability and comfort meet the special requirements of these industries for material performance.

4. Spunlace reinforcement: the perfect combination of environmental protection and high efficiency
Spunlace reinforcement technology uses high-pressure water flow to spray the fiber web, and uses the kinetic energy of the water flow to cause the fibers to entangle with each other to form a tight and uniform structure. This technology not only has high production efficiency, but also reduces the use of chemical adhesives and is more environmentally friendly. Spunlace reinforced nonwoven fibers have good moisture absorption, breathability and softness, and are very suitable for manufacturing disposable sanitary products, wipes, facial masks and other products that directly contact the skin. In addition, spunlace reinforcement can effectively improve the drape and coverage of nonwoven fibers, so that they can show good visual effects in different application scenarios.

The fiber bonding method in the production process has a profound impact on the final performance of nonwoven fibers. Hot-rolled reinforcement is suitable for situations that require high strength and dimensional stability; needle-punched reinforcement, with its good air permeability and hand feel, has shown wide application potential in many fields; and spunlace reinforcement provides nonwoven fibers with more diversified application possibilities based on environmental protection and efficient production. With the continuous advancement of technology, the production process of nonwoven fibers will become more refined and intelligent in the future, providing strong technical support for the realization of nonwoven fiber products with higher performance and wider applications.